Math Problem Statement

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Solution

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Chi-squared test
Independence test
Goodness-of-fit test
Hypothesis testing

Formulas

Chi-squared formula: χ² = Σ((O_i - E_i)² / E_i)
Expected frequency: E_i = (Row total * Column total) / Grand total
Degrees of freedom: df = (number of rows - 1) * (number of columns - 1)

Theorems

Chi-squared distribution
Degrees of freedom theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate (Statistics)