Certainly! Here's a detailed explanation of how the cost calculations were performed:

### Data Given:
1. **Stadium Information**:
   - Commune
   - Main Team
   - Current Capacity
   - Average Attendance
   - Maximum Attendance
   - Stadium Rating
   - Communal Population
   - Maximum Capacity per Space
   - Cost per Seat (USD)

2. **Constraints**:
   - Reconstruction cost must not exceed 10% of the total population of the commune.
   - Budget must not exceed $12 million USD.

### Calculation Steps:
1. **Determine Total Possible Cost for Each Stadium**:
   - Multiply the maximum capacity (capacidad máxima por espacio) by the cost per seat to get the total cost of reconstruction.

2. **Verify Population Constraint**:
   - Calculate 10% of the population for each commune.
   - Compare this value to the maximum capacity to ensure the cost does not exceed the population constraint.

3. **Verify Budget Constraint**:
   - Ensure that the total reconstruction cost for any combination of stadiums does not exceed $12 million USD.

### Example Calculation:
#### Santa Cruz:
- **Current Capacity**: 4500 seats
- **Maximum Capacity**: 5500 seats
- **Cost per Seat**: 980 USD
- **Communal Population**: 34,934

**Step 1**: Calculate the Total Cost:
\[ \text{Total Cost} = \text{Maximum Capacity} \times \text{Cost per Seat} \]
\[ \text{Total Cost} = 5500 \times 980 = 5,390,000 \text{ USD} \]

**Step 2**: Verify Population Constraint:
\[ \text{10% of Population} = 0.10 \times 34,934 = 3,493.4 \]
- The reconstruction cost is based on the maximum capacity (5500 seats) and cost per seat. This means we need to check if this cost (5,390,000 USD) is within the allowed population constraint.

**Step 3**: Check if Total Cost is within Budget:
- Since 5,390,000 USD is less than the budget constraint of 12 million USD, this stadium meets the criteria.

### Summary of Calculations for All Stadiums:

1. **San Fernando**:
   - Total Cost: $ 8500 \times 900 = 7,650,000 \text{ USD} $
   - Population Constraint: $ 0.10 \times 73,771 = 7,377.1 $
   - Result: Does not meet the population constraint.

2. **Osorno**:
   - Total Cost: $ 12000 \times 890 = 10,680,000 \text{ USD} $
   - Population Constraint: $ 0.10 \times 132,245 = 13,224.5 $
   - Result: Meets the constraints.

3. **Valdivia**:
   - Total Cost: $ 10200 \times 900 = 9,180,000 \text{ USD} $
   - Population Constraint: $ 0.10 \times 166,600 = 16,660 $
   - Result: Meets the constraints.

4. **Los Angeles**:
   - Total Cost: $ 10200 \times 950 = 9,690,000 \text{ USD} $
   - Population Constraint: $ 0.10 \times 232,561 = 23,256.1 $
   - Result: Meets the constraints.

5. **Linares**:
   - Total Cost: $ 10100 \times 950 = 9,595,000 \text{ USD} $
   - Population Constraint: $ 0.10 \times 104,013 = 10,401.3 $
   - Result: Meets the constraints.

6. **Melipilla**:
   - Total Cost: $ 7700 \times 900 = 6,930,000 \text{ USD} $
   - Population Constraint: $ 0.10 \times 124,902 = 12,490.2 $
   - Result: Meets the constraints.

7. **Buin**:
   - Total Cost: $ 7600 \times 950 = 7,220,000 \text{ USD} $
   - Population Constraint: $ 0.10 \times 90,529 = 9,052.9 $
   - Result: Meets the constraints.

8. **Maipú**:
   - Total Cost: $ 11200 \times 900 = 10,080,000 \text{ USD} $
   - Population Constraint: $ 0.10 \times 521,627 = 52,162.7 $
   - Result: Meets the constraints.

9. **Rancagua**:
   - Total Cost: $ 6000 \times 1100 = 6,600,000 \text{ USD} $
   - Population Constraint: $ 0.10 \times 225,563 = 22,556.3 $
   - Result: Meets the constraints.

### Summary:
Stadiums that meet both budget and population constraints:
- Santa Cruz
- Osorno
- Valdivia
- Los Angeles
- Linares
- Melipilla
- Buin
- Maipú
- Rancagua

Would you like to explore another example or dive deeper into a specific aspect of the calculations?

Here are some questions you might consider next:
1. How can we verify if the reconstruction will enhance the stadium ratings?
2. Are there any additional restrictions or considerations not accounted for?
3. Can the stadiums increase their capacity beyond the current numbers?
4. How will the budget be distributed among the chosen stadiums?
5. What is the expected increase in attendance post-reconstruction?

**Tip:** Always check both population and budget constraints carefully to ensure compliance with all given restrictions.

Explore detailed calculations for reconstructing stadiums considering maximum capacity, cost per seat, communal population constraints, and budget limits. Example calculations for Santa Cruz, Osorno, Valdivia, Los Angeles, Linares, Melipilla, Buin, Maipú, and Rancagua provided. Ensure compliance with 10% population and $12 million USD budget constraints.

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