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The image provides a set of questions related to business mathematics, specifically focusing on demand and supply functions. Here's a breakdown of the problems:

### Problem Details:

1. **Demand Function:** \( Q_d = 60 - P \)
2. **Supply Function:** \( Q_s = 10 + 2P \)

### Tasks:

**a. Calculate the equilibrium price and quantity. (2 marks)**  
**b. Sketch both functions into one graph and show the equilibrium point. (4 marks)**  
**c. If the price increases to RM40, what will happen to the market equilibrium? (2 marks)**

### Solutions:

#### a. **Equilibrium Price and Quantity**
To find the equilibrium, set the demand equal to the supply:
\[
Q_d = Q_s
\]
\[
60 - P = 10 + 2P
\]
Solving for \( P \):
\[
60 - 10 = 2P + P
\]
\[
50 = 3P
\]
\[
P = \frac{50}{3} \approx 16.67
\]
Substitute \( P = 16.67 \) back into either the demand or supply function to find \( Q \):
\[
Q_d = 60 - 16.67 = 43.33
\]
So, the equilibrium price \( P^* \approx 16.67 \) and the equilibrium quantity \( Q^* \approx 43.33 \).

#### b. **Sketching the Graph**
To sketch the graph:
- **Demand curve:** Start at \( P = 0 \) where \( Q_d = 60 \), and slope downwards with a slope of -1.
- **Supply curve:** Start at \( P = 0 \) where \( Q_s = 10 \), and slope upwards with a slope of 2.

The intersection point of these two curves is the equilibrium point found in part a.

#### c. **Impact of Price Increase to RM40**
At \( P = 40 \):
\[
Q_d = 60 - 40 = 20
\]
\[
Q_s = 10 + 2(40) = 90
\]
At this price, supply exceeds demand, leading to a surplus of 70 units ( \( Q_s - Q_d \) ). This indicates that the price is above equilibrium, and there will be downward pressure on the price to move back towards the equilibrium.

Would you like a detailed explanation on any of these steps? 

Here are 5 relative questions you could explore:

1. What are the factors that can shift the demand curve?
2. How does government intervention, such as price floors or ceilings, affect market equilibrium?
3. What role do elasticities play in determining the responsiveness of quantity demanded or supplied to price changes?
4. How would the introduction of a subsidy to suppliers affect the supply curve and equilibrium?
5. What are the consequences of a persistent surplus or shortage in a market?

**Tip:** Always double-check your calculations when dealing with equilibrium as small errors can lead to incorrect conclusions.

Explore how to solve demand and supply functions in business mathematics. This detailed analysis covers calculating equilibrium price and quantity, graphing functions, and understanding market equilibrium shifts. Suitable for high school students.

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