A 5 x 5 cm tubular with a square cross-section and wall thickness of 2 mm is subjected to a
tensile load of 100N. Determine the stress experienced by the bar.

To determine the stress experienced by the bar, we need to use the formula for stress:

\[
\text{Stress} (\sigma) = \frac{\text{Force} (F)}{\text{Area} (A)}
\]

### Step 1: Calculate the Area of the Cross-Section
Given:
- The bar has a square cross-section with an outer side length of 5 cm (or 50 mm).
- The wall thickness is 2 mm.

First, we calculate the area of the outer square:

\[
\text{Area of the outer square} = \text{Side}^2 = 50^2 = 2500 \text{ mm}^2
\]

Next, we calculate the area of the inner square, which represents the hollow portion. The side length of the inner square is:

\[
\text{Inner side length} = 50 \text{ mm} - 2 \times 2 \text{ mm} = 46 \text{ mm}
\]

\[
\text{Area of the inner square} = 46^2 = 2116 \text{ mm}^2
\]

Now, the cross-sectional area of the bar (which is the area of the material) is:

\[
\text{Cross-sectional area} = \text{Area of the outer square} - \text{Area of the inner square} = 2500 \text{ mm}^2 - 2116 \text{ mm}^2 = 384 \text{ mm}^2
\]

### Step 2: Calculate the Stress
Given that the tensile load \( F \) is 100 N:

\[
\sigma = \frac{F}{A} = \frac{100 \text{ N}}{384 \text{ mm}^2}
\]

Converting N/mm² to MPa:

\[
\sigma = \frac{100}{384} \text{ N/mm}^2 \approx 0.2604 \text{ N/mm}^2 = 0.2604 \text{ MPa}
\]

### Final Answer:
The stress experienced by the bar is approximately **0.2604 MPa**.

Would you like further details on any part of this solution? 

Here are five related questions you might find useful:

1. How would the stress change if the wall thickness was increased to 3 mm?
2. What would the stress be if the tensile load was doubled to 200 N?
3. How is the stress distribution affected in a tubular structure compared to a solid structure?
4. What would the stress be if the cross-section was circular instead of square?
5. How would the stress change if the material was subjected to a compressive load instead of a tensile load?

**Tip:** In tubular structures, the wall thickness plays a significant role in determining the stress distribution, especially under tensile or compressive loads.

Learn how to calculate the stress in a 5 x 5 cm tubular structure with a square cross-section and wall thickness of 2 mm under a tensile load of 100 N. Step-by-step solution provided with detailed calculations and conversion to MPa.

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